Russian political warfare: origin, evolution, and application

Jeffrey V. Dickey, Thomas B. Everett, Zane M. Galvach, Matthew J. Mesko, Anton V. Soltis

Russia’s annexation of the Crimean Peninsula in 2014 and subsequent activities in Eastern Ukraine are not isolated incidents, but rather a new form of hybrid war, or asymmetric warfare. They are part of a decades-long and continent-spanning Russian political warfare (PW) campaign. Analysis of the or